Ģenētika / Genetics

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Cat's Coat Color Genetics for Beginners

Recently, I have often come across the fact that cat breeders, both beginners and experienced, cannot determine what colors of kittens are expected from a particular mating. And this is very sad, because the genetics of cat colors is the basis that every breeder should know.

But in fact, it is not so difficult to determine the colors of future kittens, if the colors of their parents are known and if you know and remember a number of rules for cats color inheritance.

Let's remember school biology.

As we remember, a gene is a carrier of a unique set of characteristics of each organism. Genes are grouped into chromosomes, and each gene has its own place (locus) on the chromosome. Chromosomes are always paired, because they are inherited from mom and dad. A cat has 19 pairs of chromosomes, one of which is sexual, it determines whether a kitten will be a male or a female.

Genotype and phenotype.

The Phenotype - these are the signs that are visible visually. For example, a long-haired cat, or a black cat.

The Genotype is something that is not visually visible in the cat, but the cat carries these signs in the genes. For example, a short-haired cat, but a carrier of long hair.

Dominant and recessive genes.

Genes can be dominant ("strong") and recessive ("weak"). The dominant gene always suppresses the recessive one, in this case the trait for which this gene is responsible will always manifest itself in the cat.

1. The dominant gene is always manifested, regardless of the presence or absence of a recessive allele.
2. The recessive gene manifests itself only in the paired state.

Dominant genes are denoted by a capital letter, recessive ones by a small one.

Which genes of cat's coat colors are dominant, and which are recessive?

Let's consider the basic genes of cat's coat colors. The arrows show the order of dominance.